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1. resistance: how, when, why

a card for those who where not there

The resistance movements arose between 1939 and 1945 in opposition to the occupation of European territories and to nazi oppression. Always and everywhere it was a spontaneous movement, risen under the initiative of individuals and groups who meant to stop the armed aggression and harassment of every kind and extent practised by the aggressors.

Under the organisational point of view, the Resistance took an active and passive shape. The active Resistance gave rise to partisan guerrilla, sabotage, espionage and incitement to popular insurrection. The passive Resistance merely proposed not to collaborate or: factory sabotage, underground pursuit of information other from that sent out by the official authority.

As for its political impact on the various European countries, the Resistance adjusted to the various situations in the single nations, fighting one moment against the foreign invasor, the next against the interior regime.

In our country the fight was against the Germans and the fascists. It was a really hard fight, where soldiers and common citizens, communists and Catholics, socialists and liberals took part finding a common organizing reference in the National Committees for Freedom. It was thanks to that fight that on 25th April 1945, two years after the arrest of Mussolini (25th July 1943) and the constitution of the fascist Republic of Salo (25th September 1943), that Italy could at last be free again and start a process of renewal and democratic growth.